Situational Awareness and Decision Making

Situational awareness is the ability to observe, understand, and interpret what is happening around you in real time, then make appropriate decisions based on that information.

 

It is one of the most important skills a person can develop, yet it requires no equipment, no technology, and no special training to begin practicing.

 

 

## What Situational Awareness Really Means

 

Situational awareness is not about being paranoid or constantly on edge. It is about being present and attentive.

 

At its core, it involves three simple steps:

 

• Noticing what is happening

• Understanding what it means

• Anticipating what might happen next

 

These steps apply equally to everyday life, technical activities, travel, emergencies, and communications.

 

 

## Levels of Awareness

 

Situational awareness can be thought of in layers rather than states of alertness.

 

Most of the time, people operate on autopilot. This is normal, but it can reduce the ability to respond effectively when something unexpected occurs.

 

Improved awareness means:

 

• Paying attention to changes, not just routines

• Recognizing when something feels “off”

• Observing patterns instead of isolated events

 

Awareness is a habit that improves with practice.

 

 

## Information vs. Noise

 

Not all information is useful. Good situational awareness involves filtering out noise and focusing on what matters.

 

Examples include:

 

• Weather conditions and trends

• Environmental changes such as temperature, light, or sound

• Human behavior and movement

• Equipment status and system performance

 

The goal is not to notice everything, but to notice the *right* things.

 

 

## Decision Making Under Uncertainty

 

Many decisions are made without perfect information. Waiting for complete certainty often results in missed opportunities or delayed responses.

 

Effective decision making involves:

 

• Accepting incomplete information

• Choosing reasonable actions rather than perfect ones

• Adjusting decisions as new information becomes available

 

Small, early decisions are often easier to change than large, delayed ones.

 

 

## Stress and Cognitive Load

 

Stress narrows attention and reduces problem-solving ability. This is true even in minor situations.

 

Reducing cognitive load improves decision making by:

 

• Simplifying options

• Preparing in advance

• Practicing basic skills until they become automatic

 

Clear thinking is easier when fewer decisions are required in the moment.

 

 

## Situational Awareness in Everyday Life

 

This skill is not reserved for emergencies. It applies to:

 

• Driving and travel

• Operating equipment or tools

• Weather changes and environmental exposure

• Communications and coordination

• Managing time and resources

 

The same awareness that prevents accidents also improves efficiency and confidence.

 

 

## Developing Better Awareness

 

Situational awareness improves through deliberate practice:

 

• Pause occasionally and observe your surroundings

• Ask simple questions: What has changed? What matters most right now?

• Review outcomes after decisions are made

 

Experience combined with reflection builds intuition over time.

 

 

**VE6CV Tip:**

Good decisions are rarely perfect — they are simply timely, informed, and adaptable.